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Below is a video to improve your understanding of the 4-hit pathogenic cascade behind IgAN progression.

Seek the sequence

See the cascade in motion.

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IgAN=immunoglobulin A nephropathy.

  • References: 1. 

    Suzuki H, Kiryluk K, Novak J, et al. The pathophysiology of IgA nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011;22(10):1795-1803.

  • 2. 

    Gutiérrez E, Carvaca-Fontán F, Luzardo L, Morales E, Alonso M, Praga M. A personalized update on IgA nephropathy: a new vision and new future challenges. Nephron. 2020;144(11):555-571.

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    Cheung CK, Barratt J, Lafayette R, et al. Targeting APRIL in the treatment of glomerular diseases. Kidney Int. 2024. doi:10.1016/j.kint.2024.08.012.

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    Pitcher D, Braddon F, Hendry B, et al. Long-term outcomes in IgA nephropathy. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2023;18(6):727-738.

  • 5. 

    Cheung CK, Barratt J, Liew A, Zhang H, Tesař V, Lafayette R. The role of BAFF and APRIL in lgA nephrology: pathogenic mechanisms and targeted therapies. Front Nephrol. 2024;3:134‌6769.

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    Caster DJ, Abner CW, Walker PD, et al. Clinicopathological characteristics of adult IgA nephropathy in the United States. Kidney Int Rep. 2023;8(9):1792-1800.

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    Rajasekaran A, Julian BA, Rizk DV. IgA nephropathy: an interesting autoimmune kidney disease. Am J Med Sci. 2021;361(2):176-194.

  • 8. 

    Lai KN, Tang SC, Schena FP, et al. IgA nephropathy. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2016;2:16001.

  • 9. 

    Cattran DC, Floege J, Coppo R. Evaluating progression risk in patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy. Kidney Int Rep. 2023;8(12):2515‌-2528.

  • 10. 

    Donadio JV, Bergstralh EJ, Grande JP, Rademcher DM. Proteinuria patterns and their association with subsequent end-stage renal disease in IgA nephropathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2002;17(7):1197-1203.

  • 11. 

    Reich HN, Troyanov S, Scholey JW, Cattran DC; Toronto Glomerulonephritis Registry. Remission of proteinuria improves prognosis in IgA nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007;18(12):3177‌-3183.

  • 12. 

    Coppo R, D’Arrigo G, Tripepi G, et al. Is there long-term value of pathology scoring in immunoglobulin A nephropathy? A validation study of the Oxford Classification for IgA Nephropathy (VALIGA) update. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2020;35(6):1002-1009.